2026年8月托福機經整理｜最新TOEFL iBT考題回顧+口說寫作題目分析

托福機經是機考經驗的簡稱，相比於OG和TPO官方資料，由托福考生正式考試實際記憶出來的考題內容進行歸納整理，像是文章主題、大意、關鍵字（專有名詞），甚至將題目默背出來，因此更能掌握新舊題目的出題方向與考情趨勢。

托福真題：閱讀測驗

單字填空

題目：冰河（Glaciers）
此篇包含 7 個內容字 (content words)、3 個功能字 (function words)

The last Ice Age sculpted the face of Earth, leaving behind majestic glaciers that continue to shape the landscape even today. These mas_ _ _ _ ice ri_ _ _ _ flow slo_ _ _, grinding do_ _ mountains a_ _ carving val_ _ _ _ over mill_ _ _ _ _. Compared t_ other geolo_ _ _ _ _ phenomena, t_ _ movement of glaciers is imperceptible on a human timescale, yet their impact is undeniably profound. Glaciers serve as natural archives of Earth’s climatic history, preserving atmospheric data in layers of ice that have accumulated over thousands of years. Studying glaciers allows scientists to analyze past temperature patterns and environmental changes over time.

註：常見的「內容字」如名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞……等，用來傳達實質資訊；「功能字」如介系詞、連接詞、代名詞、冠詞、助動詞……等，負責連接句子結構。

本文介紹冰河如何在漫長的地質時間中塑造地貌。上一個冰河時期留下的巨大冰河緩慢流動，磨蝕山地並切割出山谷；相較於其他地質現象，冰河的移動在人類的時間尺度上幾乎難以察覺，影響卻極為深遠。此外，冰河層層保存了數千年來累積的大氣資料，是記錄氣候歷史的天然檔案，讓科學家得以分析過去的溫度變化與環境變遷。

這類題目作答時，要同時運用文法與上下文來完成每個單字：

1. massive,
2. rivers,
3. slowly,
4. down,
5. and,
6. valleys,
7. millennia,
8. to,
9. geological,
10. the.

解題技巧：

作答時，不要只依賴題目已經提供的字母，也要確認補完整的單字後是否符合整句的文法、語意以及常見搭配。

1. 第一句提到冰河是塑造地貌的力量，因此 “These ______ ice ______ flow ______” 中， “massive” 用來形容冰體的規模、 “rivers” 則把冰河比喻為流動的冰之河；動詞 “flow” 之後需要副詞說明流動的方式，搭配後文「對人類而言難以察覺」，可判斷為 “slowly”。

2. “grinding ______ mountains” 表示把山地磨蝕、削平，需要搭配副詞 “down”；對等連接詞 “and” 連接 “grinding” 與 “carving” 這兩個並列的動作。而在山地之間切割出來的地形自然是 “valleys” 。

3. “over ______” 表示歷經一段很長的時間，且後文以 “thousands of years” 呼應，因此答案為 “millennia”（數千年）。
4. 最後， “Compared to other geological phenomena” 是固定片語，名詞 “phenomena” 前需要形容詞 “geological” 來修飾；而 “the movement of glaciers” 因為後方的 “of glaciers” 特指「冰河的」移動，所以前面要加上定冠詞 “the”。

生活閱讀

題目：戶外裝備租借規定

Outdoor Equipment Rental

Tents and cooking kits must be returned by 4:00 p.m. on the listed due date. A daily late fee applies to each item, not each reservation. Fees may be waived only when campus transportation is suspended or the rental office closes unexpectedly. Equipment should be dry and free of food. Cleaning charges are assessed separately from late fees. Report missing parts before returning the item to avoid delays at check-in.

Task: When might a late fee be waived?

1. When equipment is returned wet
2. When a bus suspension prevents a return
3. When several items belong to one reservation
4. When a missing part is reported at check-in

 

這是一則戶外裝備租借的規定說明。帳篷與炊具必須在到期日下午 4 點前歸還，逾期費依「每件物品」按日計算，而不是每筆預約計算。只有在校園交通服務暫停，或租借辦公室臨時關閉時，費用才可能被免除。歸還的裝備需保持乾燥、沒有食物殘渣，清潔費則與逾期費分開計算；若有缺件，建議在歸還前先回報，以免報到時延誤。

解題技巧：

作答這類事實題時，應將每個選項與文章中的細節逐一比對，並留意同義改寫。文章指出「校園交通服務暫停（campus transportation is suspended）」時可能會免收費用，這與選項 B 直接對應，因為公車停駛屬於這項具體情況。

• 選項 A 與文意相矛盾，因為文章要求裝備必須乾燥（dry）非潮濕（wet）
• 選項 C 不正確，因為逾期費是針對「每件物品（each item）」而非每筆訂單（one reservation）收取的
• 選項 D 是「避免歸還手續延宕（avoid delays at check-in）」的步驟，而非免除逾期費的條件

學術閱讀

題目：冰下湖與冰蓋的運動

Subglacial Lakes and Ice-Sheet Motion

Beneath large ice sheets, pressure and geothermal heat can keep water liquid even where surface temperatures remain far below freezing. [A] This water collects in lakes or moves through channels hidden under kilometers of ice. [B] Because the system cannot be observed directly, scientists infer its behavior from radar, satellite elevation changes, and seismic signals. [C] These measurements reveal that subglacial water is far from static. [D]
A lake may fill gradually and then drain rapidly into neighboring areas. When water reaches the bed beneath a glacier, it can reduce friction between ice and rock. The result may be a temporary increase in ice velocity, although the response depends on whether drainage becomes concentrated in efficient channels.
Efficient channels can eventually lower water pressure and restore friction. A distributed network of small cavities, by contrast, may maintain higher pressure across a broad area. Thus, the same input of meltwater can either accelerate or stabilize movement depending on how the drainage system reorganizes.

Task: According to the passage, how do scientists study water beneath thick ice?

1. By drilling into every identified lake
2. By combining indirect signals from several technologies
3. By measuring only surface temperature
4. By assuming that all hidden water is motionless

文章介紹「冰下湖（subglacial lakes）」與冰蓋運動的關係。在厚重的冰蓋底下，壓力與地熱使水即使在極低的地表溫度下仍能保持液態，並匯集成湖泊或流經隱藏的水道。由於無法直接觀測，科學家透過雷達、衛星測得的高程變化與地震訊號來推斷其活動，結果顯示冰下水體絕非靜止不動。

文章進一步說明，湖水可能先緩慢蓄積再快速排入鄰近區域，當水抵達冰川底部時會降低冰與岩石之間的摩擦，使冰的流速暫時增加。不過，若排水集中形成高效率的水道，水壓最終會下降、摩擦恢復；相反地，由許多小空腔組成的分散式網路則可能在大範圍內維持較高的水壓。因此，同樣的融水，既可能加速也可能穩定冰的運動。

解題技巧：

對於此類事實題，應找出文章中說明的具體做法與原因，從而判斷正確答案。文章第一段指出，由於該系統無法被直接觀測，科學家是透過「雷達、衛星測得的高程變化與地震訊號（radar, satellite elevation changes, and seismic signals）」來推斷其活動規律。這代表科學家是藉由結合多種技術所提供的間接訊號來進行研究，因此選項 B 正確；而其他選項錯誤的原因如下：

• 文章未提及選項 A
• 文章提到「表面溫度遠低於冰點（surface temperatures remain far below freezing）」，而非選項 C 所述僅測量表面溫度
• 選項 D 則與文章指出「冰下水體絕非靜止不動（subglacial water is far from static）」的觀點相矛盾

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托福真題：聽力測驗

聆聽句子答題

題目：手工商品店

Listen and Choose a Response

Task: The store carries artisanal products.

1. That storage space is quite large.
2. They are mass-produced.
3. My classmate shops there often.
4. I have a meeting at 3 p.m.

答案：(C)

這類題目會播放一句簡短的生活或校園情境語句，考生需要從選項中選出最自然、最符合語境的回應。除了理解句子的字面意思，也要快速判斷說話者真正的溝通目的。

解題技巧：

作答這類題目時，先判斷問題正在詢問哪一類資訊。「這家店販售手工產品」描述了一家特定的商店及其商品，因此選項 C「我的同學經常去那裡購物」透過 there（那裡）指代 the store（這家店），適切地延續了話題，故為正確答案。

• 選項 A 儲藏空間（storage space）與商店販售產品的主題無關
• 選項 B 的 mass-produced（量產的）與題幹提到的 artisanal（手工的/工藝的）定義相矛盾
• 選項 D 「我下午 3 點有一場會議」，屬於無關的時間行程說明

生活對話

題目：尋找住處與照顧房子

Listen to a Conversation

Man: Are you having any luck with your apartment search?

Woman: Not yet, and I really need to find something soon.

Man: Well, I might have a lead for you. A friend of mine has been transferred to Italy for work. It’s just a 9-month gig, but he’s looking for someone to live in the house and take care of it while he’s away. I mentioned your name, and it’s yours if you want it.

Woman: Really? That sounds amazing!

Man: There’s just one catch, though. The house comes with two dogs.

Woman: Even better! I love dogs
.

Task: What is the woman’s problem?

1. She needs to locate a new place to live.
2. She has been transferred to Italy.
3. She cannot find anyone to take care of her dog.
4. She needs to sell her house as soon as possible.

男子詢問女子找公寓的進度，女子表示還沒有著落、而且急需盡快找到住處。男子隨即提供了一個機會：他的朋友因工作被外派到義大利 9 個月，正在找人住進家中並代為照顧房子，唯一的「條件」是屋內還有兩隻狗。女子聽了之後非常開心，還說「那更好」，因為她很喜歡狗。

解題技巧：

針對這類事實題，要理解對話中明確陳述的具體資訊。當男子詢問找公寓的情況時，關鍵句是 “Not yet, and I really need to find something soon.”（還沒找到，但我真的急需盡快找到住處）。這直接證實了選項 A 是正確答案。

• 關於被外調到義大利（transferred to Italy）的細節是指男子的朋友，而非這位女子，故排除選項 B
• 關於狗的討論是指屋主照顧的寵物，而不是女子的，因此選項 C 不正確
• 對話中從未提及賣房（sell her house）一事，所以選項 D 也不正確

廣播公告

題目：社團年度健行活動

Listen to an Announcement

Narrator: Listen to an announcement at a university club meeting.

Speaker: Welcome everyone! Just a reminder that our club’s annual hiking trip will be this Saturday. We will meet at eight AM at the student center and head out to the trails together. Make sure to bring water, snacks and comfortable shoes.

Task: Why is the speaker making this announcement?

1. To share details about an upcoming trip
2. To invite students to join a new campus club
3. To announce a change in the meeting location
4. To collect money for hiking equipment

這是一段大學社團聚會上的公告，提醒社員年度健行活動將在本週六舉行。大家需在早上 8 點於學生活動中心集合、一起前往步道，並自備水、點心與舒適的鞋子。

解題技巧：

作答這類主旨題時，應注意要掌握公告的整體主題或主要觀點，而非僅關注次要細節。在這段通知中，講者提醒社員注意即將到來的健行，並針對週六的集合時間、地點及必要裝備給予具體指示。這些細節整體而言都是為了通知成員即將發生的活動，協助大家做好準備。

• 選項 A 的 “upcoming trip” （即將到來的行程）對應了通知中的 “annual hiking trip” （年度健行活動），因此是正確答案。
• 講者並未提及招募新成員加入新社團，故選項 B 不正確。
• 學生活動中心（student center）是作為最初的集合點，而非對會議地點的更改，因此排除選項 C。
• 最後，此通知是請成員自備物資而非收費用（collect money），故選項 D 不正確。

學術演講

題目：紀錄片與民族誌電影

Listen to an Academic Talk

Narrator: Listen to a talk in a film studies class.

Professor:You’re familiar with documentaries, non-fiction films that use things like interviews and news footage to tell a true story. Of course, they’re likely to show the filmmaker’s perspective. If the filmmaker has an axe to grind, that’s the version of the story you’ll learn. So it’s important to use caution before being too credulous about what you see in one.

Documentaries have become much more popular over the last several years. It seems like every streaming service is showing them, and all the streaming services seem to be creating their own. One from a few years back called My Octopus Teacher was recognized for its high production value. My Octopus Teacher had a team of camera operators, editors, plus a compelling story and great music.

On the other hand, we have ethnographic films. These are also non-fiction, but unlike documentaries, ethnographic films don’t have such elaborate production. They’re non-fiction films about people, particular cultures around the world. Forest of Bliss is one. Um, Forest of Bliss is about daily life in a city in India.

Now, researchers making ethnographic films might spend years living within a particular cultural group. This way, they learn about the everyday life of its people and integrate into the group. This enables them to make ethnographic films. They’re more like research films than movies. They’re not likely to have dramatic music or cinematography. Instead, they’ll focus on everyday life and show the complexity of life while not trying to tell one particular story.

Task: Why does the speaker mention Forest of Bliss?

1. To give an example of a film with elaborate production
2. To give an example of an ethnographic film
3. To illustrate the popularity of films about nature
4. To illustrate the importance of directors in filmmaking

這段電影研究課的講座比較了兩種非虛構電影。教授先說明紀錄片（documentaries）常透過訪談與新聞畫面講述真實故事，但往往帶有製作者的觀點，觀看時要保持警覺；近年紀錄片越來越受歡迎，例如以精緻製作聞名的《My Octopus Teacher》。接著教授介紹民族誌電影（ethnographic films），這類電影同樣是非虛構的，但製作沒有那麼精緻，內容聚焦於世界各地特定文化中的人，例如描繪印度某城市日常生活的《Forest of Bliss》。研究者常需花上數年與該文化群體共同生活，因此民族誌電影更像研究影片而非一般電影，較少戲劇化的配樂與攝影，而是著重呈現日常生活的複雜面貌。

解題技巧：

目的題評估學生是否能理解演講者為何引用特定細節或例子來支持某個整體概念。演講中，教授將民族誌電影（ethnographic films）定義為關於世界各地人文與文化的非虛構電影（non-fiction films），隨後舉出《極樂之林（Forest of Bliss）》作為描繪印度城市日常生活的具體範例，並提及該片旨在為民族誌電影提供具體例證；因此，選項 B 為正確答案。

• 教授曾指出民族誌電影並不追求精良的製作（don’t have such elaborate production），故排除選項 A。
• 選項 C 和 D 曲解了影片的重點，其核心在於人類文化與研究，而非自然生態（nature）或導演技巧（directors in filmmaking）。

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托福真題：寫作測驗

句子重組

Build a Sentence

Who will advise your independent study?

The professor ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.

seminar / urban migration / advise me / focuses on / will / whose

解題技巧：

回答這類題目時，在排列單字前，應先找出句子的基本結構，即主詞、動詞和受詞。

1. 先對照問題 “Who will advise your independent study?” 與已給的主詞 “The professor”。選項中有 “will advise me” 與 “focuses on” 兩組動詞，只有 “will advise me” 能直接回答提問，因此主要句型為 “The professor will advise me”。
2. 不過 “will” 與 “advise me” 只佔了句尾兩格，代表中間還有補充資訊。當句子已經有主要動詞，又出現第二組動詞 “focuses on” 時，第二組動詞必須放在子句中，因此中間剩下的空格是用來修飾 professor 的形容詞子句。
3. 此時需要使用關係代名詞 “whose”，後面緊接名詞 “seminar”，組成 “whose seminar”，再接動詞 “focuses on” 與其受詞 “urban migration”，形成完整的子句 “whose seminar focuses on urban migration” 。

由此可知，答案句的句構為：主詞+形容詞子句+動詞+受詞。正確排序為：

The professor whose seminar focuses on urban migration will advise me.

Email 寫作

題目：向社團會長分享大學研討會的收穫

Write an Email

You are a member of a local community club that organizes monthly events, such as neighborhood clean-up days and guest-speaker nights. You attended the local university’s workshop on planning large community events and wanted to share what you learned with your local community club president, Ms. Jackson.

Write an email to Ms. Jackson. In your email, do the following:

• Mention what you enjoyed about the workshop you attended.
• Explain how what you learned in the workshop can be applied to future events in your local club.
• Request a meeting to discuss further.

Write as much as you can and in complete sentences.

To: Ms. Jackson
Subject: Suggestions for Improving Future Club Activities
Dear Ms. Jackson,

你是一個社區社團的成員，社團每月會舉辦社區清潔日、講者之夜等活動。你參加了當地大學舉辦的大型社區活動企劃工作坊，想把心得分享給社團會長 Jackson 女士。信件需要完成三項主要任務：

1. 分享心得：提及你在工作坊中喜歡的內容。
2. 說明應用：解釋所學如何應用在社團未來的活動中。
3. 提出會面：請求與會長見面，進一步討論。

解題技巧：

針對這項寫作任務，清楚的內容組織方式是針對每個要點各寫一個簡短的段落。

1. 首先，建議嘗試向 Jackson 女士致謝並分享你對大學研討會的正面評價，例如關於活動後勤安排和志工動員的實用環節。
2. 接著，可以試著闡述具體的收穫，如線上報名系統或互動式活動形式，將如何改善即將舉辦的社區清潔日或講座等活動。
3. 最後，提議在對方方便時進行簡短會面，討論如何實施這些策略。

請使用完整的句子、友善的語氣，以及標準的電子郵件格式，並確保回答內容至少達到 100 字。

學術討論

題目：個人與大型機構，誰更能解決水污染問題？

Write for an Academic Discussion

Your professor is teaching a class on environmental science. Write a post responding to the professor’s question. Express and support your opinion, and make a contribution to the discussion in your own words. An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

• Dr. Diaz:
  Starting this week, we are going to discuss the effect that pollution has on our environment. Specifically, we will focus on the pollution of waterways, which has caused significant health problems around the world. Large amounts of plastics, industrial waste, and trash pollute the oceans and rivers. I want you to consider the following question: How much can individuals help solve the water pollution problem compared with large institutions such as corporations and governments? Please explain your position.
  
  
• Andrew:
  Individual efforts will likely have little effect. It is better to focus on large corporations that do the most damage to our waterways. Think of the oil companies that have spills and factories owners that dump chemicals into the waterways. Individuals pollute the water too, but companies have much more impact, Business leaders need to set examples for the community.
  
  
• Claire:
  I think individual people are the first step in solving the pollution problem. For example, when one person stops using harmful chemicals or helps clean up a local waterway, it can inspire others. They can use social media to spread the word and share examples of positive behavior. This can quickly become a grassroots movement for change.
  
  

題目重點：在解決水污染問題上，個人的努力與企業、政府等大型機構相比，各自能發揮多大的作用？

• 教授重點：教授說明本週將討論污染對環境的影響，特別是水道污染，塑膠、工業廢棄物與垃圾大量污染海洋與河川，也對全球健康造成嚴重問題。教授要求學生比較「個人」與「企業、政府等大型機構」在解決問題上的貢獻，並說明自己的立場。 
   
• 學生 Andrew 重點：學生認為個人的努力效果有限，應把重心放在造成最大破壞的大型企業，例如發生漏油的石油公司與傾倒化學物質的工廠；他也主張企業領導者需要為社會樹立榜樣。
   
• 學生 Kelly 重點：學生認為個人是解決污染問題的第一步，例如有人停止使用有害化學物質或參與清理河道，就可能啟發他人；再透過社群媒體分享，很快就能形成草根運動（grassroots movement）。 

解題技巧：

回答學術討論題時，應先清楚表明自己的立場，再以具體理由與例子支持論點，不需要針對教授提問中的每個要點逐一討論，而是選擇一個主要觀點並加以充分闡述。也可以簡短回應其中一位學生的觀點，接著提出新的觀點，而非單純重複學生說過的內容，例如：

I agree with Claire that individual actions can spark a grassroots movement, and I would add that consumer choices can also push companies to adopt more environmentally friendly practices.

（我同意 Claire 的看法，個人行動能引發草根運動；此外我還想補充一點，消費者的選擇可以直接促使企業採取更環保的經營方式。）

清楚的結構建議為：你的立場 → 理由 → 例子 → 與題目內容的呼應。針對主題，可以聚焦於「企業責任」、「個人生活方式的選擇」、「消費者購買力」或「環境教育」等面向。寫作時使用自己的話表達，避免直接抄襲題目中的句子，並確保回答至少有 100 字。

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托福真題：口說測驗

句子複誦

題目：插花教學

Listen and Repeat

• Cut stems at an angle using shears.
• Place pebbles in the bottom for support.
• Begin by placing the taller flowers in the center.
• Fill gaps with smaller flowers to maintain the visual balance.
• Add some greenery to enhance the overall fullness.
• You need to change the water regularly to keep everything looking fresh.
• Once you are happy with your arrangement, decorate it with a pretty ribbon.

本次句子複誦以插花教學為情境，內容包含：用剪刀將花莖斜剪、在底部放入小石子作為支撐、先放較高的花、以較小的花填補空隙來維持視覺平衡、加入綠葉增加豐盛感、定期換水保持新鮮，以及完成後用漂亮的緞帶裝飾等步驟。

解題技巧：

聆聽複誦時，應著重於語義、重音字及自然節奏，而不是把每個字分開來唸。可以先聽較短的語塊，例如：

• at an angle
• in the bottom
• taller flowers in the center
• with a pretty ribbon

以下這類實詞則通常會以重音來唸，例如：

• stems
• shears
• pebbles
• visual balance
• greenery
• regularly
• arrangement

相反地，功能詞通常也會有較弱讀音，例如以下功能詞：

• at
• an
• in
• the
• with
• for

也要留意單字之間的連音，例如：

• cut stems
• fill gaps
• change the water

複誦時，應模仿說話者的速度、停頓與語調，而不是逐字唸出；如果句子較長，可以先拆成幾個短語練習，再把整句流暢地說出來。

訪談面試

題目主題：氣候與極端天氣

Take an Interview

You have volunteered for a research study about climate. You will have a short online interview with a researcher. The researcher will ask you some questions. Please answer the interviewer’s questions.

• Thank you for signing up for the research study. I’d like to ask you a few questions about climate. What is the climate like in the city where you live?
• Thank you. How do you prepare when the weather forecast says it will rain?
• Great. Next question. Would you prefer to live in a city with a mild, consistent climate or a city with four distinct seasons? Please explain your preference.
• Interesting. What measures do you think governments should take to mitigate the effects of extreme weather?

你自願參加一項關於氣候的研究，並將與研究人員進行一場簡短的線上訪談。本次訪談共有四個問題，從居住地的氣候與日常習慣出發，逐步延伸到個人偏好與政府政策。

1. 當地氣候：你居住的城市氣候是什麼樣子？
2. 雨天準備：當天氣預報說會下雨時，你會如何準備？
3. 氣候偏好：你偏好氣候溫和穩定的城市，還是四季分明的城市？請說明你的偏好。
4. 政府措施：你認為政府應該採取哪些措施來減緩極端天氣的影響？

解題技巧：

這類面試訪談題目的邏輯脈絡清晰，從個人經驗與日常習慣，逐步延伸至假設性選擇及宏觀社會議題。為了讓回答生動且具說服力，應以具體例子來佐證每個論點。

1. 1. 當地氣候：應著重於特定的季節特徵，如夏季潮濕或冬季溫和，清晰地展現你所處的環境。
   2. 雨天準備：著重於實際行動，例如隨身攜帶折疊傘、穿著防水鞋款或安排室內活動，以展現日常應變能力。
   3. 氣候偏好：應明確表達你的選擇，無論是溫和穩定（mild, consistent）還是四季分明（four distinct seasons）的氣候，並說明具體的生活方式理由，避免給出模棱兩可的回答。
   4. 政府措施：評估政府應對極端氣候的措施時，應展現清晰的邏輯推理；無論是主張升級城市排水系統、完善氣象預警服務，還是推廣綠色基礎設施，只要結構嚴謹並有明確實例支持，就會比單純列出簡短政策概念更為有效。

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菁英托福補習與Atlas托福線上課程即時更新第一手的托福機經，每月初總結上個月每場托福考試題型，包含聽力、閱讀、寫作、口語考後回憶，由托福老師解析考場真題，提點作答技巧與邏輯訓練，課程加入命中預測相關數據，協助考生迅速了解托福考古題的最新趨勢，為正式考試做足準備。

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